1	Owls, Loggers, and Old Growth Forest
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3	Spotted Owls Birds provide intangible aesthetic enjoyment and enrich our lives with their presence.
4	Environmentalist
5	Current News Article
6	Visible benefits This is illustrated by the fact that over 63 million Americans watch birds--and the number is growing every year
7	Old Growth Forest Controversy – Economic Perspective
8	The True Value of The Forest Timber product (monetary) Non-timber products (monetary & non-monetary) Flood control Purification of water Recycling of nutrients and wastes Production of soils Carbon dioxide sequestering Pollination Natural control of pests Plants used in manufacturing medicine Recreation Hunting & fishing Scenic Cultural values
9	Timber versus Non-timber Monetary Values (1997) Billion of dollars
10	Costs of Logging in Federal Land In 1996 U.S. taxpayers subsidized logging corporations to cut public forest more than $1 billion each year excluding “Spotted Owl” payment program (see table 1 for expenses breakdown of this program)
11	1996 National Forest Logging Program Expenses Breakdown
12	Costs of Logging in Federal Land (2) In 1996 U.S. Treasury spent $531.8 million for “Reforestation” Damage from flooding in Oregon accounted for more than $538 million $60.8 million emergency supplemental appropriation was spent to repair roads and structures damaged by mudslides in Oregon.
13	Logging “Yes” or “No” Total Costs versus Total Benefits (1) In 1996 U.S. government spent: National Forest Logging Program Expenses 1,110,000,000 + Reforestation 531,800,000 + Damage from Flooding 538,000,000 + Repairing roads and structures damaged by mudslides 60,800,000 =Total Country Spending 2,240,600,000
14	Costs versus Benefits
15	Logging “Yes” or “No” Total Costs versus Total Benefits (2) Between years 1997 and 1999 U.S. government spent approximately $1.2 billion per year through National Forest Logging Program Logging generated about $250 million in return to U.S. Treasury’s General Fund per year Net “On-going cumulative” losses to country was 3.35 billions for year 1997-1999
16	Benefits and Costs of the National Forest Timber Program 1997-1999
17	GDP and Jobs
18	Conclusion - Alternative uses of subsidies The logging program subsidies should be redirected: Retraining ($25,000 per logger) Conservation program (> $200 million available for forest restoration program, spotted owl program, etc.)
19	Old Growth Forest Controversy – The Loggers
20	LOGGERS Logging Equipment Operators - Truck Drivers - Bulldozer Operators - Crane operators Log Graders Fallers Choke Setters
21	ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS FOR LOGGERS AND THEIR FAMILIES Fewer Employment Opportunities Income Loss Migration To Other Prospering Areas Victims of Poverty Loss Tax Revenue Decline in Community Service - Education - Health Care Created Greater Demand For Conservation Workers
22	CREATION OF MAJOR EXPORT INDUSTRY AT LOGGERS EXPENSE Countries: - Brazil - Canada - Chile - Indonesia Increase Competition From Foreign Producers Increase in imports
23	PERSONAL VIEW POINT Dilemma For National Leaders: At what price to the environment does one induce a greater logging industry? At what length does one go to protect and preserve the environment at the cost of the logging industry? Any policy solution in this case would be extremely contentious simply because middle ground is difficult to achieve when industry, environmentalists, policy makers and workers are at odds. Hence, the reality of this situation dictates that any policy solution will have to tow a precarious line which fulfills the specific needs that the various interest groups have, whether it be lessening the strain on the environment or promoting a lucrative logging industry.
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31	Government Role in the Pacific Northwest
32	Decide on and Implement Land Uses Three major decisions: Preservation and Protection Old growth, Endangered Species, Rivers, Fish Recreation Public use Resource exploitation Logging, mining, etc
33	Preservation and Protection Old growth is a diminishing resource Unique type of environment Endangered species Protected by the Endangered Species Act Wild-fire issues Protection of the forest Home’s and other development
34	Recreation Use of unique areas Promote leisure and recreation by allowing: Hunting Fishing Snowmobiling Other activities
35	Resource Utilization Heavy restriction can: Cut jobs Ruin small town economies Finding a balance between: Environmental Concerns Loggers and timber industry Guided management is needed for the future…
36	Major Government Action April 2, 1993 Clinton initiated the Northwest Forest Plan Created a multi-agency team called the Forest Ecosystem Management Assessment Team (FEMAT) Plan has three parts Scientific forest management Interagency cooperation Economic task force
37	Major Government Action December 2003 Bush creates Healthy Forest Restoration Act Developed to: Reduce threat of wildfires Uphold environmental standards Strengthen public participation Backed by bipartisan majority in Congress and a variety of environmental conservation groups…
38	Old Growth Forest Controversy – Discussion Questions
39	Question 1 Was the Endangered Species Act exploited by using the Spotted Owl to protect the forest?
40	Question 2 Should Endangered Species Act be changed?
41	Question 3 Has the Northwest Forest Plan 1993 been successful?
42	Question 4 Are the actions of the environmental groups ethical?
43	Question 5 Are citizen suits been abused?
44	Question 6 What are the economic effects of this case?
45	Old Growth Forest Controversy – Conclusion
46	But what’s happening NOW?
47	Who is really in charge here?
48	Who’s in Charge?
49	For Example
50	What NOW?
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52	Is it too Late We can STOP THIS Companies will always find loopholes BUT WE KNOW BETTER www.congress.org
53	WE OWN IT
54	Cumulative Mortality
55	What does this mean?
56	Let’s go see....
57	Mt. Hood
58	Follow the roads
59	Oops
60	This is a Clear Cut
61	This is OLD GROWTH after BUSH!
62	This is YOUR FOREST!
63	IS this what you want?
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65	The Problem is here too
66	Strip mines destroy square miles
67	In NC it’s Factory Farms
68	In Kentucky it’s coal mines
69	In Texas
70	And Alaska
71	How much more death and Destruction do we need?
72	Well it worked before!
73	You can help: www.congress.org